Can I use Thanos as a drop-in replacement for Prometheus?

No. Thanos is not a replacement but an extension. You must run Prometheus alongside Thanos components. Thanos acts as a query layer on top of Prometheus data, adding long-term storage and multi-cluster capabilities. The migration requires deploying additional components (sidecar, object storage, querier) alongside existing Prometheus instances.

How much storage does Thanos save with deduplication?

Thanos's global deduplication can reduce storage costs by 30-70% depending on replica count and scrape patterns. If you run 3 replicas of Prometheus with identical metrics, Thanos deduplication stores only 1 copy after the first 24 hours, reducing effective storage by ~67%. Savings vary based on scrape interval and metric cardinality.

Do I need object storage to use Thanos?

For long-term retention, yes. Thanos requires S3, Google Cloud Storage, Azure Blob Storage, or compatible solutions for unlimited data retention. However, Thanos can technically run without object storage for 24-72 hours using its local compactor, but this defeats its primary purpose and creates availability issues.

Is Prometheus suitable for compliance requirements (HIPAA, GDPR)?

Prometheus alone has limited compliance support due to short retention and lack of audit logging. Thanos improves this by enabling long-term retention in regulated storage backends (like encrypted S3 with versioning). However, neither provides built-in RBAC, encryption at rest, or compliance-specific features—these require additional tooling like Cortex or commercial distributions.

Which should I choose for a startup with 5-10 servers?

Use Prometheus directly. The added complexity of Thanos (object storage costs, multiple components, operational overhead) outweighs benefits at this scale. Prometheus can efficiently monitor 10 servers with 15 days retention. Upgrade to Thanos only when you exceed 100+ servers, need multi-cluster monitoring, or require compliance with long-term retention mandates.

Prometheus vs Thanos

Updated June 13, 2026

Prometheus

Open-source time-series database and monitoring system with built-in alerting.

Small to medium teams, single-cluster environments, development teams needing quick metric monitoring setup, and organizations prioritizing simplicity over long-term data retention.

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Thanos

Highly available Prometheus setup with long-term storage and global query view across multiple clusters.

Short Answer

Prometheus is a time-series monitoring and alerting system designed for metrics collection, while Thanos is a highly available metrics storage and query layer built on top of Prometheus. Thanos extends Prometheus with long-term storage, multi-cluster querying, and global deduplication capabilities.

Our Verdict

AI-assisted

Choose Prometheus if you need lightweight, simple metrics collection for single clusters with moderate retention needs and quick setup. Choose Thanos if you require long-term historical data, multi-cluster monitoring, high availability, or need to query metrics across multiple Prometheus instances at scale.

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Prometheus9

6Thanos

Choose Prometheus if

Small to medium teams, single-cluster environments, development teams needing quick metric monitoring setup, and organizations prioritizing simplicity over long-term data retention.

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Key Differences at a Glance

🔹

Primary Function: Real-time metrics scraping and alerting vs Long-term storage and multi-cluster aggregation layer

🔹

Data Retention: Thanos wins (Unlimited with object storage backends (S3, GCS, Azure) vs 15 days default (configurable, typically 2-3 weeks local))

🔹

Scalability Scope: Thanos wins (Multi-cluster and multi-tenant querying vs Single cluster monitoring)

See all 7 differences

Key Facts & Figures

Metric	Prometheus	Thanos	Diff
GitHub Stars (Community Adoption)(stars)	54,000+	—	—
Data Sources Supported(plugins)	Remote storage endpoints only (~5 types)	—	—
Default Data Retention(days)	15 days	—	—
Memory Usage (Typical Instance)(MB)	50-150	—	—

Key Differences

Prometheus

Attribute

Thanos

Real-time metrics scraping and alerting

Primary Function

Long-term storage and multi-cluster aggregation layer

15 days default (configurable, typically 2-3 weeks local)

Data Retention

Unlimited with object storage backends (S3, GCS, Azure)🏆

Single cluster monitoring

Scalability Scope

Multi-cluster and multi-tenant querying🏆

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Primary Function

Prometheus

Real-time metrics scraping and alerting

Thanos

Long-term storage and multi-cluster aggregation layer

Data Retention

Prometheus

15 days default (configurable, typically 2-3 weeks local)

Thanos

Unlimited with object storage backends (S3, GCS, Azure)🏆

Scalability Scope

Prometheus

Single cluster monitoring

Thanos

Multi-cluster and multi-tenant querying🏆

Query API Compatibility

Prometheus

Native PromQL API only

Thanos

100% PromQL compatible with enhanced features

Setup Complexity

Prometheus

Simple (YAML configuration, single binary)🏆

Thanos

Complex (requires object storage, sidecar, querier, compactor)

Data Deduplication

Prometheus

Not supported

Thanos

Global deduplication across replicas🏆

Enterprise Adoption Rate

Prometheus

87% of companies using Prometheus for metrics🏆

Thanos

42% of large enterprises (10k+ employees) use Thanos

Full Comparison

Attribute	Prometheus	Thanos

GitHub Stars (Community Adoption)(stars)	54,000+	—

Data Sources Supported(plugins)	Remote storage endpoints only (~5 types)	—
Supported Data Sources(count)	Scrape-based (any Prometheus-compatible exporter)	—

Default Data Retention(days)	15 days	—
Default Local Data Retention(days)	15 days	Unlimited (via object storage)

Memory Usage (Typical Instance)(MB)	50-150	—
Minimum RAM Requirements (Production)(GB)	2 GB	4 GB (Thanos components combined)
Query Latency (1 billion data points)(milliseconds)	150-300 ms	80-150 ms (with downsampling)
Memory Footprint (Minimal Setup)(MB)	~50 MB	—

Query Language Learning Curve(weeks)	1-2 (PromQL specific but consistent)	—

Built-in Alerting Capabilities(null)	Advanced (AlertManager with routing, grouping, silencing)	—
Multi-Cluster Query Support	No (federation workaround available)	Yes (native support)

Standalone Operation(null)	Yes—fully self-contained with TSDB	—

Time to First Dashboard(minutes)	15-30 (local metrics immediately available)	—

Number of Required Components(components)	1 (single binary)	4-5 (sidecar, querier, compactor, ruler, store)
Setup Time (Kubernetes)(minutes)	10-15 minutes	120-180 minutes (with storage backend)

Object Storage Cost (1 TB/month)(USD)	N/A (local storage only)	23 USD/month (S3 standard)

Community Stars on GitHub(stars)	25,000+ stars	13,000+ stars

Community Dashboard Templates(count)	Limited (basic graphs)	—

Commercial Support Cost(USD/month)	Free (no commercial tier)	—

Setup Time (Basic Production)(minutes)	30-60 minutes	—

Query Language Complexity(learning hours)	20-40 hours (PromQL)	—

Built-in Alerting Rules(feature)	Yes (Alertmanager with 50+ integrations)	—

Prometheus

Thanos

GitHub Stars (Community Adoption)(stars)

54,000+

—

Data Sources Supported(plugins)

Remote storage endpoints only (~5 types)

—

Supported Data Sources(count)

Scrape-based (any Prometheus-compatible exporter)

—

Default Data Retention(days)

15 days

—

Default Local Data Retention(days)

15 days

Unlimited (via object storage)

Memory Usage (Typical Instance)(MB)

50-150

—

Minimum RAM Requirements (Production)(GB)

2 GB

4 GB (Thanos components combined)

Query Latency (1 billion data points)(milliseconds)

150-300 ms

80-150 ms (with downsampling)

Memory Footprint (Minimal Setup)(MB)

~50 MB

—

Query Language Learning Curve(weeks)

1-2 (PromQL specific but consistent)

—

Built-in Alerting Capabilities(null)

Advanced (AlertManager with routing, grouping, silencing)

—

Multi-Cluster Query Support

No (federation workaround available)

Yes (native support)

Standalone Operation(null)

Yes—fully self-contained with TSDB

—

Time to First Dashboard(minutes)

15-30 (local metrics immediately available)

—

Number of Required Components(components)

1 (single binary)

4-5 (sidecar, querier, compactor, ruler, store)

Setup Time (Kubernetes)(minutes)

10-15 minutes

120-180 minutes (with storage backend)

Object Storage Cost (1 TB/month)(USD)

N/A (local storage only)

23 USD/month (S3 standard)

Community Stars on GitHub(stars)

25,000+ stars

13,000+ stars

Community Dashboard Templates(count)

Limited (basic graphs)

—

Commercial Support Cost(USD/month)

Free (no commercial tier)

—

Setup Time (Basic Production)(minutes)

30-60 minutes

—

Query Language Complexity(learning hours)

20-40 hours (PromQL)

—

Built-in Alerting Rules(feature)

Yes (Alertmanager with 50+ integrations)

—

Full Comparison

Attribute	Prometheus	Thanos

GitHub Stars (Community Adoption)(stars)	54,000+	—

Data Sources Supported(plugins)	Remote storage endpoints only (~5 types)	—
Supported Data Sources(count)	Scrape-based (any Prometheus-compatible exporter)	—

Default Data Retention(days)	15 days	—
Default Local Data Retention(days)	15 days	Unlimited (via object storage)

Memory Usage (Typical Instance)(MB)	50-150	—
Minimum RAM Requirements (Production)(GB)	2 GB	4 GB (Thanos components combined)
Query Latency (1 billion data points)(milliseconds)	150-300 ms	80-150 ms (with downsampling)
Memory Footprint (Minimal Setup)(MB)	~50 MB	—

Query Language Learning Curve(weeks)	1-2 (PromQL specific but consistent)	—

Built-in Alerting Capabilities(null)	Advanced (AlertManager with routing, grouping, silencing)	—
Multi-Cluster Query Support	No (federation workaround available)	Yes (native support)

Standalone Operation(null)	Yes—fully self-contained with TSDB	—

Time to First Dashboard(minutes)	15-30 (local metrics immediately available)	—

Number of Required Components(components)	1 (single binary)	4-5 (sidecar, querier, compactor, ruler, store)
Setup Time (Kubernetes)(minutes)	10-15 minutes	120-180 minutes (with storage backend)

Object Storage Cost (1 TB/month)(USD)	N/A (local storage only)	23 USD/month (S3 standard)

Community Stars on GitHub(stars)	25,000+ stars	13,000+ stars

Community Dashboard Templates(count)	Limited (basic graphs)	—

Commercial Support Cost(USD/month)	Free (no commercial tier)	—

Setup Time (Basic Production)(minutes)	30-60 minutes	—

Query Language Complexity(learning hours)	20-40 hours (PromQL)	—

Built-in Alerting Rules(feature)	Yes (Alertmanager with 50+ integrations)	—

Prometheus

Thanos

GitHub Stars (Community Adoption)(stars)

54,000+

—

Data Sources Supported(plugins)

Remote storage endpoints only (~5 types)

—

Supported Data Sources(count)

Scrape-based (any Prometheus-compatible exporter)

—

Default Data Retention(days)

15 days

—

Default Local Data Retention(days)

15 days

Unlimited (via object storage)

Memory Usage (Typical Instance)(MB)

50-150

—

Minimum RAM Requirements (Production)(GB)

2 GB

4 GB (Thanos components combined)

Query Latency (1 billion data points)(milliseconds)

150-300 ms

80-150 ms (with downsampling)

Memory Footprint (Minimal Setup)(MB)

~50 MB

—

Query Language Learning Curve(weeks)

1-2 (PromQL specific but consistent)

—

Built-in Alerting Capabilities(null)

Advanced (AlertManager with routing, grouping, silencing)

—

Multi-Cluster Query Support

No (federation workaround available)

Yes (native support)

Standalone Operation(null)

Yes—fully self-contained with TSDB

—

Time to First Dashboard(minutes)

15-30 (local metrics immediately available)

—

Number of Required Components(components)

1 (single binary)

4-5 (sidecar, querier, compactor, ruler, store)

Setup Time (Kubernetes)(minutes)

10-15 minutes

120-180 minutes (with storage backend)

Object Storage Cost (1 TB/month)(USD)

N/A (local storage only)

23 USD/month (S3 standard)

Community Stars on GitHub(stars)

25,000+ stars

13,000+ stars

Community Dashboard Templates(count)

Limited (basic graphs)

—

Commercial Support Cost(USD/month)

Free (no commercial tier)

—

Setup Time (Basic Production)(minutes)

30-60 minutes

—

Query Language Complexity(learning hours)

20-40 hours (PromQL)

—

Built-in Alerting Rules(feature)

Yes (Alertmanager with 50+ integrations)

—

Prometheus vs Thanos

Prometheus

Thanos

Short Answer

Our Verdict

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Key Differences at a Glance

Key Facts & Figures

Key Differences

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Full Comparison

Visual Comparison

Pros & Cons

Prometheus

Pros

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Thanos

Pros

Cons

Frequently Asked Questions

Resources & Learn More

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Full Comparison

Visual Comparison

Prometheus vs Thanos

Prometheus

Thanos

Short Answer

Our Verdict

🔔Track this comparison

Key Differences at a Glance

Key Facts & Figures

Key Differences

Related Comparisons

Related Articles

Explore Entities

More Software

People Also Compare

Full Comparison

Visual Comparison

Pros & Cons

Prometheus

Pros

Cons

Thanos

Pros

Cons

Frequently Asked Questions

Resources & Learn More

Where to Buy

Wikipedia

Videos

Full Comparison

Visual Comparison

Track this comparison