Open-source relational database emphasizing simplicity, speed, and ease of deployment for web applications.
Web applications, e-commerce platforms, content management systems, high-traffic sites requiring simple schemas
Advanced open-source relational database with comprehensive ACID compliance, JSON/array support, and extensibility for enterprise workloads.
Enterprise applications, data warehouses, analytics platforms, AI/ML systems with embeddings, complex reporting
PostgreSQL excels for complex queries, advanced features, and data integrity with superior JSON/array support and full ACID compliance, while MySQL offers simplicity, speed for basic operations, and lower resource overhead. Choose PostgreSQL for enterprise applications; choose MySQL for high-traffic web services prioritizing speed.
Both databases remain production-ready in 2026, with MySQL 9.x and PostgreSQL 18 offering significant improvements. Choose PostgreSQL for data-heavy applications, analytics, AI/vector workloads, and complex logic; choose MySQL for web applications, e-commerce, and scenarios where deployment simplicity and baseline speed matter most. For new projects, PostgreSQL's feature set increasingly justifies adoption despite slightly higher operational overhead.
Choose MySQL if
Web applications, e-commerce platforms, content management systems, high-traffic sites requiring simple schemas
| Metric | MySQL | PostgreSQL | Diff |
|---|---|---|---|
| Simple Query Throughput(queries/sec) | ~28,000 (MySQL 8.4) | ~25,000 (PostgreSQL 18) | +12% |
| Complex Join Performance(ms response time) | ~450 (5-table join) | ~320 (5-table join) | +41% |
| Base Memory Footprint(MB) | ~80 (minimal config) |
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Choose PostgreSQL if
Enterprise applications, data warehouses, analytics platforms, AI/ML systems with embeddings, complex reporting
| ~150 (minimal config) |
| -47% |
| AWS RDS Managed Cost($/month (db.t3.micro, single-AZ)) | $13.50 (MySQL 8.4) | $15.25 (PostgreSQL 18) | -11% |
| Supported Versions (2026)(major versions) | 5 (8.0-8.4 active) | 5 (14-18 active) | — |
| Replication Lag (typical)(ms) | 5-50 (binary log) | 10-100 (WAL) | -50% |
All figures sourced from publicly available data. Last updated Apr 2026.
MySQL
Partial (InnoDB only)
PostgreSQL
Full across all operations🏆
MySQL
Basic JSON functions
PostgreSQL
Advanced JSONB with indexing🏆
MySQL
Faster for simple queries
PostgreSQL
Superior for complex queries🏆
MySQL
Easier, binary log-based🏆
PostgreSQL
More robust, WAL-based
MySQL
Lower baseline overhead🏆
PostgreSQL
Higher resource requirements
MySQL
Core relational features
PostgreSQL
Advanced types, window functions, CTEs🏆
MySQL
Limited via extensions
PostgreSQL
Native pgvector support🏆
MySQL
Adequate for basic use
PostgreSQL
Optimized with TimescaleDB🏆
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MySQL remains ~10-15% faster for simple read/write operations due to lower overhead, but PostgreSQL's superior query optimizer handles complex queries 25-40% faster. The performance difference is negligible (≤30% variance) for most workloads; choose based on feature fit, not pure speed.
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| Attribute | MySQL | PostgreSQL |
|---|---|---|
| ACID Compliance Level | Partial (InnoDB only) | Complete (all operations) |
| Simple Query Throughput(queries/sec) | ~28,000 (MySQL 8.4) | ~25,000 (PostgreSQL 18) |
| Complex Join Performance(ms response time) | ~450 (5-table join) | ~320 (5-table join) |
| Replication Lag (typical)(ms) | 5-50 (binary log) | 10-100 (WAL) |
| JSON Query Capability | JSON functions only | JSONB with full indexing |
| Full-Text Search | Limited, basic support | Comprehensive native support |
| Time-Series Optimization | Standard table partitioning | TimescaleDB extension native |
| Base Memory Footprint(MB) | ~80 (minimal config) | ~150 (minimal config) |
| Vector Similarity Support | Via third-party extensions | Native pgvector |
| AWS RDS Managed Cost($/month (db.t3.micro, single-AZ)) | $13.50 (MySQL 8.4) | $15.25 (PostgreSQL 18) |
| Supported Versions (2026)(major versions) | 5 (8.0-8.4 active) | 5 (14-18 active) |
| Enterprise Support Availability | Oracle, multiple vendors | EDB, multiple vendors |
Side-by-side comparison of numeric attributes
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